How deep to dig for pavers?

Determining the correct excavation depth for pavers is essential for a successful and long-lasting installation. By understanding the base layers, considering the influencing factors, and consulting local regulations, you can ensure a stable foundation for your paver project. The depth required for digging a paver base varies depending on the intended use and the type of traffic the area will receive. Here are the general guidelines:

1. Pedestrian Applications (Patio, Path, Fire Pit)
   • For normal foot traffic, the base should be at least 7 inches (ca. 18 cm) deep below the finished grade level.
   • For heavy pedestrian applications, such as areas with grills or heavy equipment, the base should be 10 inches (ca. 25 cm) deep.
   • The base typically consists of a sub-base layer (compacted soil), a base layer (compacted gravel), and a bedding layer (sand).
2. Vehicular Applications (Driveway)
   • For areas that will receive vehicular traffic, the base should be excavated to a minimum depth of 13 inches (ca. 33 cm) below the finished grade to ensure stability and longevity.
3. General Guidelines
   • The total depth of excavation includes the base material, sand bedding, and the thickness of the pavers. For example:
     • Base material: 4–6 inches (compacted gravel).
     • Sand bedding: 1 inch (2.54 cm).
     • Paver thickness: typically 2–3 inches.

Example Calculation

• Total Depth for Pedestrian Application: 7 inches (ca. 18 cm) (base) + 1 inch (2.54 cm) (sand) + 2-3 inches (paver thickness) = 10–11 inches.
• Total Depth for Vehicular Application: 13 inches (ca. 33 cm) (base) + 1 inch (2.54 cm) (sand) + 2-3 inches (paver thickness) = 16–17 inches.

It is crucial to ensure that each layer is properly compacted to provide a stable foundation for the pavers.